Building including l-shaped tiles, air inlets and air outlets



June 6, 1967 J DALKAS 3,323,266

BUILDING INCLUISING L-SHAPED TILES, AIR

INLETS AND AIR OUTLETS Filed Aug. 28, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

James 001k 5 June 6, 1967 J- DALKAS 3,323,266

BUILDING INCLUDING L-SHAPED TILES, AIR INLETS AND AIR OUTLETS Filed Aug. 28, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR James Dalks June 6, 1967 LKAS 3,323,266

J. DA BUILDING INCLUDING L-SHAPED TILES, AIR

INLETS AND AIR OUTLETS Filed Aug. 28, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

James Dalka' 14 Attorney United States Patent 3,323,266 BUILDING INCLUDING L-SHAPED TILES, AIR INLETS AND AIR OUTLETS James Dalkas, P.O. Box 34, Fairfield, Calif. 94533 Filed Aug. 28, 1964, Ser. No. 392,693 6 Claims. (Cl. 52-303) The present invention relates to building tile and more particularly to building tile constructed so that the tile can be arranged to form subjacent passageways for the movement of air therethrough.

This building tile is an improvement over the tile contained in Greek Patent No. 23,511 issued to me on Aug. 1, 1962.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a new and improved building tile.

Another object of the invention is to provide a building tile which is relatively simple in design and construction.

Another object is to provide building tile adaptable for positioning to form air passageways.

A further object is to provide structure of the character described capable of covering a flat surface such as a floor or sloping surface such as a roof.

A still further object is to provide building tile which has adhesive receiving grooves and beveled portions to insure desired stationary placement of the tile relative to the surface to be covered and also relative to each other.

The invention possesses other objects and features of advantage, some of which of the foregoing will be set forth in the following description of the preferred form of the invention which is illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification. It is to be understood, however, that variations in the showing made by the said drawings and description may be adopted within the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.

Referring to said drawings (four sheets):

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a structure in broken line having a roof embodying the invention therein over most of the surface with the full and dotted arrows indicating the direction of air flow;

FIGURE 2 is an enlarged view of the roof within the circular arrow of FIGURE 1 illustrating the relationship of the tile;

FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of a structure in broken line having a floor embodying the invention therein over most of the surface with the full and dotted arrows indicating the direction of air flow;

FIGURE 4 is an enlarged view of the floor within the circular arrow of FIGURE 3 illustrating the relationship of the tile in a corner position;

FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of a building tile with the base member the same length as the surface member;

FIGURE 6 is an end view of the building tile of FIG- URE 5 with adjacent tile in broken line;

FIGURE 7 is a side view of the building tile of FIG- URE 5, a part being broken out to shorten the length of the view, with adjacent tile in broken line;

FIGURE 8 is a top plan section view of the building tile of FIGURE 5, a part being broken out to shorten the length of the view, with adjacent tile in broken line;

FIGURE 9 is a perspective view of a building tile having a longitudinal raised portion on the surface member with the upper portion of the surface member extend- 3,323,266 Patented June 6, 1967 ing beyond the lower portion of the surface member at one end and the lower portion extending beyond the upper portion at the other end.

FIGURE 10 is an end view of the building tile of FIG- URE 9 with adjacent tile in broken line;

FIGURE 11 is a side view of the building tile of FIG- URE 9, a part being broken out to shorten the length of the view, with adjacent tile in broken line;

FIGURE 12 is a top plan sectional view of the building tile of FIGURE 9, a part being broken out to shorten the length of the view, with adjacent tile in broken line; and

FIGURE 13 is a partial perspective view of a building tile with the base member longer than the surface member.

In accordance with the present invention, an integral building tile is provided with a base member and a surface member positioned perpendicular to the base member. Adhesive receiving grooves are disposed within the bottom and top of the base member. The surface member has upper periphery beveled portions. A support section contacts the base member and the surface memher.

The building tile may be manufactured in a variety of different configurations. However, all shapes of the tile must allow the outer edge of the surface member of one tile to rest on the top of the base member of an adjacent tile thereby forming air passages between the tiles.

, Referring to the drawings and particularly to FIG- URES 5 through 8, a one-piece building tile, generally designated 20, is illustrated which is intended for use in covering a surface area. The building tile 20 is provided with a vertically elongated substantially rectangular base member 22 and a substantially rectangular surface member 24. As seen in FIGURES 5 and 6, the surface member 24 is positioned perpendicular to the base member 22 and has a portion on top thereof which overlays a portion of the base member 22.

. An adhesive receiving groove 26 is provided on the bottom 28 of the base member 22 and an adhesive receiving groove 36 is provided on the top 32 of the base member 22. A support member or section 34 contacts the base member 22 and the surface member 24 affording increased cross-sectional area at their juncture.

Beveled portions 36 occupy the upper periphery of the surface member 24. As seen in FIGURE 5, the adhesive receiving groove 30 in the top 32 of the base member 22 is adjacent the inner edge 38 of the surface member 24.

A slightly different building tile configuration is illustrated in FIGURES 9 through 12. Here, the building tile 20 has, in addition to everything discussed in relation to FIGURES 5 through 8, a longitudinal raised portion 40 on the surface member 24. This raised portion 40 may be in the form of a reinforcing bar or may be purely of a decorative nature as in a roofing installation where raised tile may be installed alternately with flat tile. It will also be seen in FIGURES 9-12 that the surface member 24 has a substantially rectangular upper portion 42 extending beyond a substantially rectangular lower portion 44 at one end and the lower portion 44 extends beyond the upper portion 42 at the other end. Furthermore, the outer edge 46 of the upper portion 42 is further away from the base member 22 than is the outer edge 47 of the lower portion.

The building tile 20 of this invention may be constructed of any suitable material such as clay, asbestos, wood or aluminum or any other structurally safe matterial. The tile may be either cast or extruded, although extrusion seems to be amore economical method of manufacture, especially when using aluminum and the like.

In actual operation as seen in the roof installation of FIGURES 1 and 2 and the floor installation of FIG- URES 3 and 4, the tiles are positioned to form continuous air passages around the edges and also over the entire surface area to be covered. FIGURE 2 shows the outer edge 46 of the upper portion 42 resting on the top 32 of an adjacent base member 22. In the corner layout shown in FIGURE 4 a tile having a base member 22 covering the outer edge of the surface to be covered has the outer edge 46 of the upper portion 42 resting on the lower portion 44 of adjacent but perpendicular tile. A tile as shown in FIG- URE 13 having a longer base member 22 than surface member 24 may also be used in this instance. Side pieces 48 having a top cut away surface 50 for receiving a tile surface member complete the installation.

FIGURES 6 and illustrate the importance of the adhesive receiving grooves 26 and 30 and the beveled portions 36 for insuring the desired stationary placement of the tile relative to the surface to be covered and also relative to each other. An adhesive such as epoxy cement or the like fills receiving groove 26 and holds the tile securely to the surface to be covered. In like manner, adhesive in groove 30 holds the outer edge 52 of the tile shown in FIGURE 5 and the outer edge 46 of the tile shown in FIGURE 9 on the top 32 of the base member 22 and in close proximity to the inner edge 38 of the surface member 24. The beveled portion 36 above the inner edge 38 is also filled with adhesive so the outer edge 52 or 46 of a neighboring tile may be cemented both from above and below. As seen in FIGURES 8 and 12, the beveled portions 36 may also be filled with adhesive to hold the side edges 54 of abutting surface members together. Thus the beveled portions 36 and the adhesive receiving grooves 26 and 30 produce a sound, sturdy and leakproof construction.

The roof installation of FIGURE 1 utilizes the natural wind velocity to direct wind into inlets 56 through the air passages and out the roof outlets 58, the direction of the arrows into and out of the roof depending upon the direction of the wind. As seen in FIGURE 1, if the roof is of the sloping type, the air inlets will be located closer to the ground than the air outlets. A cooling of the structure will be realized on a hot day as the air circulating through the roof will take away the hot air usually found next to a roof.

The floor installation of FIGURE 3 uses a fan (not shown) to force heated air through inlet 60 under the floor for warming purposes. The corner air outlet 62 is designed somewhat smaller than the air inlet 60 so as to keep the warm air in the passages an additional period of time. As seen in FIGURES 2 and 4, an identical construction may be used for the roof and floor installation. The thickness of the tile will vary, of course, depending upon the expected usage.

The tile of this invention can be manufactured in standard lengths, although individual installations may require that some of the tile be shaped and adjusted to fit the particular need.

I claim:

1. An integral L-shaped building tile, comprising, a vertically elongated substantially rectangular base member having an adhesive receiving groove in the bottom and top thereof, a surface member connected to and partially overlaying said base member and having a substantially rectangular lower portion and a substantially rectangular upper portion, said upper portion extending beyond said lower portion at one end and said lower portion extending beyond said upper portion at the other end, and periphery beveled portions on the upper portion.

2. The integral building tile of claim 1 in which the outer edge of the upper portion is further away from the base member than is the outer edge of the lower portion. 3. In a building, an outer roof comprising, a plurality of one-piece L-shaped tiles as characterized in claim 1 disposed base member to base member and surface member to surface member to provide the roof, said tiles being positioned so that an outer edge of a surface mem-v ber of one tile rests on the top of the base member of another tile thereby forming air passages between the tiles, and air inlets and air outlets interconnecting with said air passages whereby wind will be directed into the roof inlets and through the air passages and out the roof outlets.

4. In a building, a floor system comprising, a plurality of one-piece L-shaped tiles as characterized in claim 1 disposed base member to base member and surface member to surface member to provide the floor, said tiles being positioned so that an outer edge of a surf-ace member of one tile rests on the top of the base member of another tile thereby forming air passages between the tiles, and air inlets and air outlets interconnecting with said air passages whereby forced air will be directed into the inlet and through the air passages and out the outlets.

5. In a building, an outer roof comprising, a plurality of one-piece L-shaped tiles for covering a surface area including a vertically elongated substantially rectangular base member having an adhesive receiving groove in the bottom and a substantially rectangular surf-ace member having top and bottom surfaces and connected to and overlaying a portion of said base member providing a top section of said base member at an elevation substantially on the plane of said bottom surface of said surface member and said surface member having upper periphery beveled portions, said top section of said base member having an adhesive receiving groove and the outer edge of a surface member of a first tile rests on said top section of said base member of a second tile thereby forming a longitudinal air passage between said first and second tiles; said tiles being disposed base member to base member and surface member to surface member to provide the roof, said tiles being positioned so that an outer edge of a surface member of one tile rests on the top of the base member of another tile thereby forming air passages between the tiles, and air inlets and air outlets interconnecting with said air passages whereby wind will be directed into the roof inlets and through the air passages and out the roof outlets.

6. In a building, a floor system comprising, a plurality of one-piece L-shaped tiles for covering a surface area including a vertically elongated substantially rectangular base member having an adhesive receiving groove in the bottom and a substantially rectangular surface member having top and bottom surfaces and connected to andoverlaying a portion of said base member providing a top section of said base member at an elevation substantially on the plane of said bottom surface of said surface member and said surface member having upper periphery beveled portions, said top section of said base member having an adhesive receiving groove and the outer edge of a surface member of a first tile rests on said top section of said base member of a second tile thereby forming a longitudinal air passage between said first and second tiles, said tiles being disposed base member to base member and surface member to surface member to provide the floor, said tiles being positioned so that an outer edge of a surface member of one tile rests on the top of the base member of another tile thereby forming air passages between the tiles, and air inlets and air outlets interconnecting with said air passages whereby forced air will be directed into the inlets and through the air passages and out the outlets.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS (Other references on following page) 5 6 UNITED STATES PATENTS 998,447 1951 France. 1 03 Watson 52 2 X 1,019,250 2 France- 5/1938 Stromberg 52- 610 X W 1958 France- 12 1943 Zirinsky 52 241 X 13,008 1906 Great Bfltalll- 5 477,200 1953 Italy. FOREIGN PATENTS 111,947 1925 Switzerland.

33222: FRANK L. ABBOTT, Primary Examiner. 1947 France. JOHN E. MURTAGH, Examiner. 

5. IN A BUILDING, AN OUTER ROOF COMPRISING, A PLURALITY OF ONE-PIECE L-SHAPED TILES FOR COVERING A SURFACE AREA INCLUDING A VERTICALLY ELONGATED SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR BASE MEMBER HAVING AN ADHESIVE RECEIVING GROOVE IN THE BOTTOM AND A SUBSTANTIALLY RECTANGULAR SURFACE MEMBER HAVING TOP AND BOTTOM SURFACES AND CONNECTED TO AND OVERLAYING A PORTION OF SAID BASE MEMBER PROVIDING A TOP SECTION OF SAID BASE MEMBER AT AN ELEVATION SUBSTANTIALLY ON THE PLANE OF SAID BOTTOM SURFACE OF SAID SURFACE MEMBER AND SAID SURFACE MEMBER HAVING UPPER PERIPHERY BEVELED PORTIONS, SAID TOP SECTION OF SAID BASE MEMBER HAVING AN ADHESIVE RECEIVING GROOVE AND THE OUTER EDGE OF A SURFACE MEMBER OF A FIRST TILE RESTS ON SAID TOP SECTION OF SAID BASE MEMBER OF A SECOND TILE THEREBY FORMING A LONGITUDINAL AIR PASSAGE BETWEEN SAID FIRST AND SECOND TILES; SAID TILES BEING DISPOSED BASE MEMBER TO BASE MEMBER AND SURFACE MEMBER TO SURFACE MEMBER TO PROVIDE THE ROOF, SAID TILES BEING POSITIONED SO THAT AN OUTER EDGE OF A SURFACE MEMBER OF ONE TILE RESTS ON THE TOP OF THE BASE MEMBER OF ANOTHER TILE THEREBY FORMING AIR PASSAGES BETWEEN THE TILES, AND AIR INLETS AND AIR OUTLETS INTERCONNECTING WITH SAID AIR PASSAGES WHEREBY WIND WILL BE DIRECTED INTO THE ROOF INLETS AND THROUGH THE AIR PASSAGES AND OUT THE ROOF OUTLETS. 